The Tata Nano, launched in 2008, was conceived as the world’s cheapest car, envisioned by Ratan Tata to provide an affordable mobility solution for Indian families. The Nano, created by the in-house team of Tata Motors in partnership with IDEM and Trilix, had a small, egg-shaped design and a rear-engine, rear-wheel-drive configuration—a unique decision meant to maximise internal space while minimising the footprint. Its lightweight design was made possible by a 624 cc two-cylinder petrol engine that was situated at the back. Production was previously done in Pantnagar, but the manufacturing was done at Tata's plant in Sanand, Gujarat. In order to cut costs, the Nano made extensive use of lightweight materials, including plastic bumpers, a monocoque body structure made of thin-gauge steel, little sound insulation, and simplified parts like a single windscreen wiper and no power steering. The interior was simple, with cloth seats and harsh plastics, emphasising utility over elegance. The Nano's low-cost innovation and efficient design make it a significant milestone in automotive engineering, even with its modest success.