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Discussion:
Did you use a strategy to arrange elements such as name, phone number, photograph, address, institute address? Initially when number of friends is less, one can get away without the need to plan the available space. But as the number of friends increases, but the space available remains constant and gets divided between more elements.  We realise that we will have to plan the space such that all friends and their details can be accommodated. The crux of these exercises is dividing and planning of the space.

Now that you have attempted creating compositions on a page, let us look at how space on a single page gets divided. We will also look at the principle of golden rectangle is used to obtain type area for classical books such as the Bible.

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Slide 3: What is a margin?

The margin helps to define where the type area begins and ends.
It is the empty space around the type area.

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Technical reason for having a margin is so that text does not get chopped.

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Slide 32: What is type area?

Area on the page that will contain text.

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The yellow rectangle indicates possible margins. The area enclosed within the Yellow rectangle is type area.

Conclusion:
In this presentation we looked at how margins and type area are determined in case of a single page. In the next section we will look at the same in the context of a book design project. A book has multiple pages and a system will be needed to develop a coherent design across pages. Grids will help us achieve that.