Cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) is a form of non-invasive brain stimulation that applies a small, pulsed electric current across a person's head to treat anxiety, depression, insomnia, and chronic pain. Electrodes are placed on the earlobes, maxilla-occipital junction, mastoid processes, or temples. CES has been widely used by dental surgeons in western countries, which helps the patient relax so that the surgeon can perform dental operations. In the United States, CES technology is classified by the Food and Drug Administration as a Class III medical device and must be dispensed by or on the order of licenced healthcare practitioners. The FDA indicates that there are 11 CES devices cleared for marketing in the United States.

One such device is made by Nucalm Technologies, a company based in the USA that produces and sells CES devices. Their existing product is sold as a package of separate devices that must be used by the patient. They want the new product to be an integral device that houses all the separate components into a single unit and looks appealing to the user. Since it will now be marketed to a wider audience, the redesigned product should also look stylish and have the feel of a premium product.