Firstly, rough outlines of the pattern to be carved are etched on the stone as guidelines and basic holes are drilled. Then the fine carving work begins and textural detailsare added. Carving is done using a hand held drilling machine. Though the tool is operated by hand, it runs on a motor. A variety of bits are used depending on the desired intricacy and effect of the jaali work. Different bits, chisels and files are used for drilling, etching, engraving etc. Since the piecesare hollow, the amount of pressure while carving is crucial - a little bit extra and the piece would break.
Nesting animals (animals within animals) is a specialtyof the carving experts of Agra but not many people are making these. This is because drilling holes through several layers of solid stone generates too much dust and that harms the lungs. So the craftsmen prefer carving on only one layer of the stone. It produces lesser dust and is also much faster. Precautions like masks, fans to blow away the dust etc. are being taken too.
Replicas of the TajMahal sell extensively as souvenirs. These are made in all sizes. About fifteen craftsmen work upon one single piece of the Taj! Its components are usually made dismantle-able. The pieces are cut, carved and then joined with a mix of fevicol and marble dust.The women of the mohalla paint on these.
