Art used to express ideas or emotions by using specific techniques like paint, pigment, or colour to some kind of surface is known as painting. The surface could be a flat or two-dimensional canvas or depending on the type of painting; it varies from paper to wood to leather and more. Usually, a brush is the most common medium used for painting, but other implements, such as knives, sponges, and airbrushes can be used. A creative mode of expression has numerous forms. There are various types of paints, such as watercolour, acrylic, ink, spray paint, and fresco are used for painting. It is an essential form of visual arts. The painting describes both the act and the result of the action. Surfaces such as walls, paper, canvas, wood, glass, lacquer, clay, leaf, copper, and concrete are also used as support for painting. The painting may include various other materials, including sand, clay, paper, plaster, gold leaf, as well as objects. The art of painting style is developing continually. Nowadays, the way of depicting the objects onto the canvas is changing. Some of the conventional painting styles artists follow today are abstract style, the eastern style, modernism, and cubism, etc. Different types of mediums and techniques used for painting are:
Watercolour Painting:
In this painting method, paints are applied to the base with the help of water. The pigments of the paints are water-soluble. This is usually painted on paper; another support is also used for this media like wood, canvas, leather, etc. The strokes of colour are applied using different sizes of the brush. Watercolour painting has a long tradition, which is famous for ages.
Oil Painting:
The oil paint used in oil painting has a drying oil, which is used as a binder to the pigment. The drying oils used are walnut oil, poppy seed oil, linseed oil mainly, and others. It seems quite complicated and messy, because of the oily part, but this painting has a shiny effect and is of smooth texture. It was mainly originated in India and China but got recognition after many centuries.
Ink Wash Painting:
It is a brush painting that consists of different densities of ink to provide the different shades in the painting. China is the origin of this painting. It is quite popular in East Asia. This style of wash painting's vital feature is that it uses a brush in which the hairs are tapered to an excellent point.
Acrylic Painting:
In this type of painting, the paints used are quite impressive. The acrylic paints are water-soluble; hence water is used while painting. When the painting is completed, it turns out to be water-resistant. This water-resistant act is helpful for many painters as it is very faster in drying. The drying time characteristic makes this paint different from watercolour and oil colour.
Pastel Colour Painting:
Pastel colours are generally available in the sticks. It is a simple way of colouring, and kids usually start colouring using pastel colours. The pastel sticks can be immediately used for colouring and drawing. It is a simple way of colouring, and it may be difficult to shade and blend with different colours. The pastel painting can be done on paper and canvas.
Glass Painting:
They are done on the glass as a base with pigments of colour. The other paints do not get bind with the glass. So, the paints used in glass painting are especially for glass, so that those colour pigments can easily bind with glass. A black liner is used to outline the borders of the images drawn. The viscous colours are applied within the marked boundary. Glass painting is an artistic expression and is craftwork.
Spray Painting:
In spray painting, aerosol paint comes out from the pressurized container by controlling it with a valve. The portion of the surface where particular colour is needed to be applied is kept open while the other portions are covered. This helps the colour by not spreading to other parts of the painting.
Digital Painting:
This painting is a digitalized creative artwork that is done on computers to give the same effect as oil painting, acrylic, or watercolours. The digital painting can be quickly done with rectification to provide a perfect look. This system-based painting does not need to worry about drying time.
Miniature Painting:
It is mainly focused on the painting engraved on sculptures done simply in a smaller size. It is one of the traditional paintings that can be easily held in hand.
One Stroke Painting:
The one-stroke painting is a technique in which a brush is loaded with two separate colours to achieve highlights. This technique helps to make the shading and highlighting in one stroke.
Donna Dewberry, an American artist, claims that she is the inventor and developer of the ‘One stroke’ painting technique that will enable her to reproduce any effect of nature with one easy-to-learn method. The one-stroke style is required for decorating furniture or for decorating pottery. To give the highlights, body colour, and shadow of the petal, leaf element, the brush is 'double' and 'triple' loaded, painted wet-on-wet, and with a single brush stroke.
Though the brush carried more colours, it would have taken only 'one stroke' of the brush to produce the more intricate shading, giving depth and beauty to the design. One stroke painting is usually based on the theme of nature like flowers, fruits, a few kinds of birds, butterflies, and dual shade scenarios, which are water, mountain, sky, etc. One stroke painting cannot be painted with any other theme than nature because the shading and highlighting can be painted with one stroke, which is not possible with any other different elements. Most painting requires different kinds of colours, which can be painted separately by taking time, whereas one stroke painting is supposed to be painted in one shot with a multicolour.