BC 300 

Writing surface made from residual silk floss in China.

AD  105

Papermaking method invented and developed by Ts’ai Lun, a eunuch attached to the Eastern Han court of the Chinese emperor Ho Ti. The material used was probably the bark of Mulberry tree, bamboo, rags, hemp and fish net. Chinese credited with all inventions like mould, screen and methods of papermaking, which later adopted by Western world.

300-1031

300

Paper made in cases in Central Asia. 

305 – 325

Paper produced in India at Gurukuls. But this process did not cultivated during that time. 

500

Paper made in Korea.

610

Paper introduced to Japan. The Japanese learned from the Chinese and perfected papermaking into a high art form through centuries. 

650

Paper made in Nepal. 

700

Sizing  (water  resistance)  introduced  to  papermaking  using  animal  and  vegetable substance (starch, rice flour) in Japan. 

794

Paper made in Baghdad, Iraq. 

850

Papermaking spreads from China via Nepal to India. In India papermakers were known as Kagaji and the place where paper produced was known as Kagajipura. 

900

Paper made in Cairo, Egypt. 

1031

Paper recycled (Orient). 

1150-1590

1150

Paper introduced into Europe. First papermaking mill was established in Spain. 

1189

Paper made at Hérault, France.

1280

Paper made at Fabriano, Italy. 

1282

Invention of Watermark technique in Italy.

1337

Animal glue first used in Europe. 

1345

Mohammed Bin Tughlak used handmade paper for the first time to produce notes. 

1388

Paper made at Augsburg, Germany.

1400

Paper made at Marly, Switzerland. 

1405–1550

Paper produced at various places in India namely, Kashmir, Shialkoat, Delhi, Patna, Ahmedabad, Aurangabad.

1428

Paper made at Gennap, Holland. 

1450

Revolutionary demand for paper spurred by Gutenberg printing, Germany.

1490

First paper mill in England, established by John Tate in Hertfordshire. 

1491

Paper made in Poland.

1540

Paper made in Denmark. 

1546

Paper made in Rumania. 

1558

Paper made by John Spilman at Dartord, England. 

1565

Paper made in Russia. 

1570

Paper made by Sten Bille in Denmark. 

1590

First paper mill in Scotland, established by Mungo Russell at Dalry. 

1680-1950

1680

Invention of Hollander Beater revolutionizes papermaking process.

1690

First American paper mill established at Philadelphia by W. Rittenhouse. 

1698

Paper made at Oslo, Norway.

1726

Paper made by William Bradford in New Jersey, USA. 

1757

Adoption of “wove” mould screen in Europe from Far East countries.

1765

Research work begun by Schäffer using vegetable fibres for papermaking.

1790

Invention of Hydraulic Press at Bramah, England.

1802

Paper made in Quebec, Canada. 

1806

Invention of Fourdrinier machine.

1840

Invention of Wood Pulping machine by Keller, Germany.

1851

Invention of chemical wood pulping process.

1805–1900

Decline of hand papermaking mills due to rise of wood pulping mills.

1928

Revival of hand papermaking by Dard Hunter of America.

1946

Douglass Howell of America emerges as foremost authority in papermaking.

1950

Emergence of innovative art forms in hand papermaking.