Satyajit Ray was an Indian director, screenwriter, documentary filmmaker, author, essayist, lyricist, magazine editor, illustrator, calligrapher, and composer. He is one of the all-time great filmmakers, according to many. He was a Calcutta native. Pather Panchali, the first movie directed by Ray, earned eleven international awards, including the first Best Human Documentary prize at the 1956 Cannes Film Festival. Ray was the director of 36 films, including long and short films as well as documentaries. In the course of his career, Ray won a number of prestigious honours, including an Academy Honorary Award in 1992, 36 Indian National Cinema accolades, a Golden Lion, a Golden Bear, two Silver Bears, and numerous more accolades at international cinema festivals and ceremonies. He received an honorary degree from Oxford University in 1978. The Government of India honoured him with the Bharat Ratna, its highest civilian award, in 1992.